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Compare news coverage. Spot media bias. Avoid algorithms. Try Ground News today and get 40% off your subscription by going to https://ground.news/upandatom Special thanks to Chuankun Zhang, Tian Ooi, Jacob S. Higgins, and Jack F. Doyle from Prof. Jun Ye's lab at JILA/NIST/University of Colorado, as well as Prof. Victor Flambaum from UNSW's Department of Theoretical Physics, for their valuable assistance and consultation on this video. Hi! I'm Jade. If you'd like to consider supporting Up and Atom, head over to my Patreon page :) https://www.patreon.com/upandatom Visit the Up and Atom store https://store.nebula.app/collections/up-and-atom Subscribe to Up and Atom for physics, math and computer science videos https://www.youtube.com/c/upandatom For a one time donation, head over to my PayPal :) https://www.paypal.me/upandatomshows *A big thank you to my AMAZING PATRONS!* Michael Seydel, Brian Wilkins, Thorsten Auth, Chris Flynn, Raz Tirosh, Izzy Ca, Jason Bowen, Tate Lyles, Richard O McEwen Jr, Fabio Manzini, Scott Ready, John H. Austin, Jr., David Johnston, Thomas Krause, Ave Eva Thornton, Andrew Pann, Anne Tan, Robert Walker, John Doe, Dirk Wouters, Stoney Bair, Jeffrey Dutt, Joseph Lamoree, Francisco, Marc-Antoine, Thomas Urech, chuck zegar, David Tuman, Ben Mitchell, Tyler Simms, Jim Felich, Jeremy, KiYun Roe, Ron Hochsprung, Andi B, James Matheson, Kevin Anderson, Alexander230, Tim Ludwig, Mark Littlehale, Tony T Flores, Dagmawi Elehu, Jeffrey Smith, Alex Hackman, bpatb, Joel Becane, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, eris esoteric, Paul Barclay, 12tone, John Lakeman, Jana Christine Saout, Jeff Schwarz, Yana Chernobilsky, Michael Dean, Chris Amaris, Matt G, Dag-Erling Smørgrav, John Shioli, Susan Jones, Mike Males, Henrik Horneber, Markus S., AudioFreak, Lauren Fish, Boris Lets Kuslitskiy, Keith, Steve Platt, Matthew Lewis, y.k., B Henke, Bryan Hughes, Trance Maharaj, Matt, Jonathan Rayback, geek1027, Smarter Every Day, Chandler Freeman, Bunny Lushington, Jake!, Motty Porat, Yaw Mintah, Carlos Escolar, Anthony Docimo, robert lalonde, Cassandra Durnord, Paul Bunbury, Richard Rensman, David Shlapak, Kent Arimura, Phillip Rhodes, Michael Nugent, Roland Gibson, Piotr Klos, Joe McTee, Oleg Dats, Simon J. Dodd, Tang Chun, Michelle, William Toffey, James Horsley, omg.science, Cameron Tacklind, Lance Ahmu, Steve Watson, Potch, Thomas P Taft, Indrajeet Sagar, Pablo de Caffe, Taylor Hornby, Colin Byrne, Jesper de Jong, Sofia Fredriksson, Spuddy, Sascha Bohemia, Stephen Britt, KG, Hansjuerg Widmer, John Sigwald, O C, Carlos Gonzalez, Blue Cardinal, James Palermo, Chris Teubert, Fran, Wolfgang Ripken, Jeremy Bowkett, Vincent Karpinski, Nicolas Frias, Louis M, ROBERT C PAYNE, Moose Thompson, Rick DeWitt, S, Garrett Chomka, Gene Levitsky, Pat Gunn, George Fletcher, RobF, Vincent Seguin, Michael Brunolli, Shawn, Jesse Clark, Steven Wheeler, Lynn Shackelford, Philip Freeman, Jareth Arnold, and Simon Dargaville. Creator - Jade Tan-Holmes Script - Daniel Inafuku Animations - Hamed Akrami Music - epidemicsound.com Sources and further reading Main paper on nuclear clock: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07839-6 (arxiv version: https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.18719) 2nd Th-229 laser experiment: https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.12311 Fine structure constant nuclear sensitivity: https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17300 Temporal variation of fine structure constant: https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0402132 Some popular articles on the nuclear clock discovery https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-first-nuclear-clock-will-test-if-fundamental-constants-change-20240904/ https://www.quantamagazine.org/ultra-accurate-clocks-lead-search-for-new-laws-of-physics-20180416/ Dirac’s 1938 paper (A new basis of cosmology): https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspa.1938.0053 Discussion of Dirac’s work: https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article-abstract/39/6/6.19/203469?redirectedFrom=PDF&login=false Chapters 0:00-1:21 A breakthrough in physics 1:21- 2:38 What are fundamental constants? 2:38-10:16 The constants might not be constant 10:16 -15:10 What is an atomic clock? 15:10 The nuclear clock