领先美国，世界首次！中国临近空间高超音速飞行器测试画面公开！可作为六代战机重要选型之一、次轨道/临近空间轰炸机、高超音速无人机、空天打击平台和空间战斗机目标结构！独家探访“钱学森科技攻关青年突击队”

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据中科院之声12月15日消息，自2021年开始，中科院陆续组织成立了以老科学家钱学森命名的科技攻关青年突击队，专门负责高超音速飞行器等重大科技任务验证工作，近期中科院力学所在宽域飞行器研制领域再次传出喜讯，中方在临近空间高超声速飞行技术领域取得重大突破。 近6年多来，该突击队先后自主研发了多种新型宽域飞行器，成功完成了5个分类9次飞行试验任务，使中方成为世界上第一个完成某型组合动力上机跨域测试任务的国家，标志着中方在临近空间高超音速飞行器领域“质的飞跃”，从而确保对潜在对手的技术领先。 成为世界上第一个实现了高超声速构型飞行器的水平降落，完成了世界上首次临近空间发射某型试验航空器试验，并且还是实现了该型航空器的数千公里跨域机动飞行，并在近万公里外的机场安全返回。众所周知，高超音速飞行器是当前世界各国抢占制高点的重点方向，因此，该类型飞行器成果的公开曝光，其战略威慑意义不言自明。 所谓的宽域是指宽速域和大空域这两个概念，也就是高超音速飞行器在飞行过程中，由于速度可以从马赫数0.5至马赫数20（目前在研型号不超过马赫数10）之间切换，且由于飞行速度快导致飞行距离较远，还可以在大气层内和临近空间等不同环境中实施高速机动，因此，这里的“宽域飞行器”实际上就是指携带组合式发动机的高超音速飞行器。 携带组合式发动机的高超声速飞行器不同于火箭助推的滑翔高超音速飞行器（包括先进乘波体滑翔飞行器），这是一种携带自主动力，可以在大气层内外飞行，特别是在临近空间飞行（距离地面20至100公里）的新一代飞行器，因其飞行速度极快、突防能力超强、机动灵活性较高等优点，具有重要的战略意义。 该型飞行器是第六代作战飞机的重要选型之一，还是次轨道/临近空间轰炸机、高超音速无人侦察机、空天打击平台和空间战斗机的理想目标结构。与火箭助推的高超音速滑翔飞行器相比，宽域飞行器更类似于空天飞机或高超音速水平起降的飞机，这一点至关重要。 随着中方在某型组合循环动力系统取得重大突破，阻碍高超音速宽域飞行器的主要技术障碍（组合循环吸气式动力系统）已经解决，困扰这类飞行器发展的瓶颈技术已经基本攻克，中科院上述飞行器试验取得圆满成功，意味着实用化的某型飞行器关键技术攻关阶段已经基本完成，由于相关飞行验证测试是在6年前就已经完成，这意味着实用型号可能已经“箭在弦上”。 我们必须看到，中科院上述技术试验仅仅还只是气动特征的验证测试，但其技术成熟程度已经达到了较高水平，仅仅展示中的鸣镝-19和鸣镝-22作为超高音速无人轰炸机，就可以以每小时8500公里的时速，对1万多公里外的北美目标发射爆炸当量在10万吨左右的核导弹，这才是中方针对近期美方智库鼓吹可以动用核武器介入冲突的最好措施，也难怪近一段时间五角大楼对中方高超音速飞行器一直耿耿于怀。 According to the Voice of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on December 15, since 2021, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has successively organized and established a scientific and technological research youth commando named after the old scientist Qian Xuesen, which is specifically responsible for the verification of major scientific and technological tasks such as hypersonic aircraft. Recently, the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has once again reported good news in the field of wide-range aircraft development. China has made major breakthroughs in the field of near-space hypersonic flight technology. In the past six years, the commando has independently developed a variety of new wide-range aircraft and successfully completed 9 flight test missions in 5 categories, making China the first country in the world to complete a cross-domain test mission of a certain type of combined power aircraft, marking China's "qualitative leap" in the field of near-space hypersonic aircraft, thereby ensuring technological leadership over potential opponents. Became the world's first to achieve a horizontal landing of a hypersonic configuration aircraft, completed the world's first near-space launch of a certain type of experimental aircraft test, and also achieved thousands of kilometers of cross-domain maneuvering flight of this type of aircraft, and returned safely to an airport nearly 10,000 kilometers away. As we all know, hypersonic aircraft are the focus of countries around the world to seize the commanding heights. Therefore, the public exposure of the results of this type of aircraft has a self-evident strategic deterrence significance. The so-called wide range refers to the two concepts of wide speed range and large airspace. That is, during the flight of hypersonic aircraft, since the speed can be switched from Mach 0.5 to Mach 20 (the current model under development does not exceed Mach 10), and the high flight speed leads to a long flight distance, it can also perform high-speed maneuvers in different environments such as the atmosphere and near space. Therefore, the "wide range aircraft" here actually refers to hypersonic aircraft carrying combined engines. Hypersonic aircraft carrying combined engines are different from rocket-assisted gliding hypersonic aircraft (including advanced waverider gliding aircraft). This is a new generation of aircraft that carries autonomous power and can fly inside and outside the atmosphere, especially in near space (20 to 100 kilometers from the ground). It has important strategic significance due to its extremely fast flight speed, super penetration capability, and high maneuverability. This type of aircraft is one of the important options for the sixth-generation combat aircraft, and is also an ideal target structure for suborbital/near-space bombers, hypersonic unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, aerospace strike platforms and space fighters. Compared with rocket-assisted hypersonic gliding aircraft, wide-range aircraft are more similar to aerospace planes or hypersonic horizontal take-off and landing aircraft, which is crucial. With China's major breakthrough in a certain type of combined cycle power system, the main technical obstacles hindering hypersonic wide-range aircraft (combined cycle air-breathing power system) have been solved, and the bottleneck technology that has plagued the development of this type of aircraft has been basically overcome. The successful completion of the above-mentioned aircraft test by the Chinese Academy of Sciences means that the key technology research stage of a certain type of aircraft for practical use has been basically completed. 领先美国，世界首次！中国临近空间高超音速飞行器测试画面公开！可作为六代战机重要选型之一、次轨道/临近空间轰炸机、高超音速无人机、空天打击平台和空间战斗机目标结构！独家探访“钱学森科技攻关青年突击队”