Das Rätsel der Kausalität erklärt – David Hume | Gert Scobel

3sat NANO January 20, 2022
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Eine Ursache hat immer eine Wirkung. So viel ist klar – oder? Was, wenn es gar keine Ursachen gibt? Der Philosoph David Hume zweifelte jedenfalls daran. Damit steht Gert Scobel vor dem Problem der Induktion. Worum geht es hier? David Hume (1711 – 1776) stellte zu seiner Zeit die Wissenschaft auf den Kopf, als er ihre Grenzen aufzeigte. Denn er kam zu dem Schluss: Ein Nachweis, dass eine Ursache in Beziehung zu einer Wirkung steht, lässt sich nicht erbringen. Aus A folgt B – das bedeutet, wir stellen eine Serie einzelner Ereignisse fest. Mit einer gewissen Regelmäßigkeit. Die Verknüpfung zwischen den Ereignissen bleibt uns allerdings verborgen. Diese existiert lediglich in unserer Vorstellung. In unserer Auffassung von der Natur. Daher, so Hume, lässt sich zwar folgern, dass wir Menschen Annahmen über unsere Umwelt haben. Diese gründen auf unseren Erfahrungen. Dazu stellen wir wiederum Regeln auf. Aber ein Beweis, dass sich daraus zukünftige Ereignisse für jeden Ort in diesem Universum schließen lassen, sind sie nicht. Schwirrt Euch schon der Kopf? Wenn nicht, schaut Euch gerne auch Gerts Bonustrack zum Thema an! Außerdem haben wir Euch wie immer ein paar weiterführende Quellen und Links zusammengestellt: Links und Quellen David Hume: Traktat über die menschliche Natur, 1739 John Searle: Geist. Eine Einführung, 2006 G. E. M. Anscombe: Absicht, 1986 G. E. M. Anscombe: Aufsätze, 2014 Naturalistischer Fehlschluss – David Hume erklärt | Gert Scobel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2mOmL7D7HQ&t=11s Was ist das Ich? Philosophisch erklärt | Gert Scobel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8-mkfW_3Eo Warum Philosophie und Quantenphysik zusammenpassen | Gert Scobel & Carlo Rovelli https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EFt62I_2NTM Wissen Hoch 2 im TV: Body Positivity – Das neue Bild vom eigenen Körper https://kurz.zdf.de/6B3/ scobel - Wie der Körper das Bewusstsein erschafft https://kurz.zdf.de/1MW/ Kapitel 00:00 - Darum geht's 00:51 - Was bedeutet Kausalität? 04:01 - Wie sind Dinge miteinander verbunden? 08:37 - Induktionsproblem 13:23 - Gefühlte Determiniertheit des Geistes 16:29 - Bonustrack Scobel ist eine Produktion des ZDF in Zusammenarbeit mit Objektiv Media. Abonnieren? Einfach hier klicken: www.youtube.com/scobel Die TV-Sendung „scobel“ in 3sat: https://kurz.zdf.de/re37/

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