لماذا يجب عليك معرفة العلاقة بين النوبيين والنوبة#كوش_

DACOSTA Land September 9, 2023
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مصطلح "النوبة" يعني أشياء كثيرة لكثير من الناس. في أمريكا أصبح مرادفًا للسواد وأفريقيا. بالنسبة لعلماء الإثنوغرافيا واللغويين، فهو يشير إلى منطقة محددة تمتد بين جنوب مصر وشمال السودان، حيث عاش النوبيون ذوو البشرة السوداء تقليديًا. بالنسبة لعلماء الآثار في التسعينيات، فهي منطقة آخذة في الاتساع من وادي النيل الأوسط والصحاري المحيطة بها والتي تمتد تقريبًا من أسوان في مصر جنوبًا إلى الخرطوم الحديثة في السودان وما وراءها. ما لا يعرفه معظم الناس هو أن النوبة القديمة كانت موقعًا لحضارات أفريقية سوداء متقدمة للغاية تنافس مصر القديمة في الثروة والقوة والتطور الثقافي. وفي الواقع، حكم ملوك النوبة مصر كفراعنة لما يقرب من 100 عام. عندما احتل الفراعنة المصريون النوبة بين عامي 1970 و1520 قبل الميلاد، أثرت الثقافة المصرية بشكل متزايد على النوبة. استعادت النوبة استقلالها في القرن الحادي عشر قبل الميلاد. تبنت مملكة نوبية جديدة، مركزها جبل البركل في نبتة، النموذج المصري للنظام الملكي، بما في ذلك الزواج الملكي بين الأخ والأخت. في عام 742 قبل الميلاد. غزا بيي (أو بيانكي)، ملك نبتة، مصر وأسس الأسرة الخامسة والعشرين، التي حكمت مصر لما يقرب من قرن من الزمان. بعد فترة وجيزة من الغزو، انتقلت العاصمة النوبية إلى مروي. طورت مملكة مروي شكلها الخاص من الكتابة بالإضافة إلى صناعة الحديد المتطورة تقنيًا. وفي حوالي عام 300 بعد الميلاد، غزت مملكة أكسوم الإثيوبية مروي وهزمت قواتها. لكن النوبة المعاصرة تعاني من الفقدان الوشيك لهذا التاريخ المجيد، حيث دفنت السدود المتعاقبة التي بناها البريطانيون في أسوان بدءًا من عام 1897 الآثار والمعابد تحت نهر النيل وشردت النوبيين من وطنهم. انتقل العديد من النوبيين إلى المدن المصرية. خلال ستينيات القرن العشرين، أدى بناء السد العالي الجديد في أسوان إلى غمر جزء كبير من الأراضي النوبية، وأجبر 100 ألف نوبي على البحث عن ملجأ حول أسوان في مصر وفي مدن السودان، بما في ذلك الخرطوم. يبلغ عدد النوبيين اليوم حوالي مليون نسمة، نصفهم تقريبًا في مصر والنصف الآخر في السودان. عندما اختفت النوبة المصرية تحت مياه الفيضانات، بدأ العديد من علماء الآثار في إدراك الإمكانات الهائلة للمناطق التي لم تغمرها الفيضانات والتي تقع جنوب السودان. لقد عرفوا أنه هناك، حيث يشكل النيل حلقة كبيرة على شكل حرف S، يقع معقل مملكة نوبية قديمة غامضة أطلق عليها المصريون اسم كوش، والتي برزت لأول مرة في الألفية الثالثة قبل الميلاد. DACOSTA land كاتب وباحث ومهتم بتاريخ أفريقيا والسودان #السودان_اصل_الحضارة# تابع القناة https://www.youtube.com/@DACOSTA474 أزمة دارفور https://youtu.be/goUJVw2kMvY?si=49oDWKoMq5U6VIHS قناة التلغرامhttps://t.me/Dacosta_africansudanisehistory

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