یک کتاب یک نویسنده| گفت‌وگو با محمدمهدی اردبیلی

Sharghdaily | شرق December 31, 2024
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Sharghdaily | شرق

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حدود دو دهه از انتشار روزنامه شرق می‌گذرد. این روزنامه در این مدت همواره بر استقلال رأی خود پافشاری کرده است. در طول این سال‌ها، تعدادی از بهترین خبرنگاران ایرانی در روزنامه شرق قلم زده‌اند و تلاش کرده‌اند با رویکردی انتقادی، اخبار و وقایع سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی ایران را تحلیل کنند. این امر بدون وابستگی روزنامه شرق به هیچ حزب، مرام یا تشکل سیاسی خاصی محقق شده است. Shargh is an official Persian-language media outlet. Over the past two decades of its publication, this newspaper has consistently emphasized its independence. We adopt a critical approach to analyzing the political, economic, social, and cultural news and events of Iran.

Video Description

یک‌کتاب، یک نویسنده: گفت‌وگوی احمد غلامی با محمدمهدی اردبیلی مخالفان آزادی در تعریفِ آزادی بحث‌های پیچیده فلسفی مطرح است که آزادی سلبی و ایجابی داریم و هر کدام چند نوع هستند. حتی اگر از آزادی سلبیِ عرفی شروع کنیم، آزادی یعنی نفی بردگی. یعنی من برده‌ چیزی نباشم و حق انتخاب داشته باشم و نه‌تنها انتخاب کنم بلکه بر اساس آن عمل هم بکنم. یعنی چیزی مانع از تحقق خواست من نشود. اولین چیزی که به ذهن می‌رسد و به‌طور کلی نبردهای ما در مورد آزادی به آن اشاره دارد، آزادی از عوامل برده‌ساز بیرونی است. یعنی یکسری عوامل در بیرون هستند؛ عوامل اقتصادی، سیاسی، فرهنگی، خانواده، آموزش‌وپرورش، حکومت‌ها، سرمایه‌داران و کارتل‌های اقتصادی که آزادی من را محدود می‌کنند و نمی‌گذارند من عاملیت داشته باشم. این‌ها مکانیسم‌های برده‌سازی می‌شوند که من را برده می‌خواهند. در زمانه‌ای که جریان روشنفکری و اساسا مفهومِ روشنفکری در مظان اتهام و تردید قرار دارد، بازتعریف این مفهوم و کارکرد یا مسئولیت روشنفکر ضرورت بیشتری پیدا می‌کند. حمدمهدی اردبیلی، مترجم و نویسنده و مدرس فلسفه، در جستارهایی از کتاب «پرتاب‌های فلسفه» ازجمله «قدیس‌مآبی متفکر» و «روشنفکر مردمی» به مقوله روشنفکری پرداخته است. او معتقد است در زمانه نیهیلیسم که ما در آن به سر می‌بریم، در زمانه غلبه ناامیدی از «یافتن یا حتی ساختنِ راهی برای معنابخشی به زیستنِ سوژه و برون‌رفت از نیهیلیسم و بی‌معناییِ حاکم»، باید از مسئولیت روشنفکر سخن گفت. متفکر رادیکال یا به‌ تعبیر اردبیلی «مبارز»، نه‌تنها باید با فیلسوفی در ارتباط باشد، بلکه خودش هم باید فیلسوف باشد، یعنی خالق نظام تمثیلات خودش باشد. سوژه‌های تکینی که هم فیلسوف باشند، هم در عمل فعالیت کنند و هم کارکرد روشنفکری داشته باشند. این متفکر رادیکال اما راه سختی در پیش دارد و ممکن است در مسیر خود در مقابل حاکمیت، مردم و حتی اپوزیسیون قرار بگیرد. از دید اردبیلی، «مبارزه خود غایت است»، یا به‌ بیان دیگر، رویکرد روشنفکر وظیفه‌گرایانه است؛ انگار بذری می‌کارد که به انتظار رشد آن نیست، پس بدون خوش‌بینی بذر را پرتاب می‌کند. اردبیلی می‌گوید باید از «سوژه تکین» آغاز کرد و سوژه تکین یک‌تنه در هر شرایطی موظف است تاب بیاورد. و در جامعه‌ کنونی ما که روشنفکر از هر طرف مورد هجمه است و هرگونه رویکرد انتقادی خارج از دوقطبی‌های باب‌شده، ممکن است با انواع برچسب مزدور اجنبی یا خائن مواجه شود، وظیفه روشنفکر مسئولیت‌پذیر‌کردن مردم و تاب‌آوردن است. 00:00 شروع 13:00 وظیفه روشنفکر و مفهوم آزادی 15:00 همدستی نانوشته میان دولت، مردم و اپوزیسیون 22:40 مسئولیت روشنفکر 27:00 روشنفکر و برچسب‌ها 40:00 همراهی نقادانه با جنبش زن زندگی آزادی 46:00 بحران بنیادین 54:50 روشنفکر باید داخل کشور باشد #روشنفکری #فلسفه #جامعه_شناسی #تفکر_انتقادی #رادیکالیسم_سیاسی #فلسفه_اجتماعی #سوژه_تکین

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