Quelle économie à l’ère de l’incertitude ?

JEAN-LUC MÉLENCHON January 13, 2024
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JEAN-LUC MÉLENCHON

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Chaîne Youtube officielle de Jean-Luc Mélenchon, co-président de l'Institut La Boétie. Abonnez-vous à ma chaîne Telegram : https://t.me/JLMelenchon

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Jean-Luc Mélenchon a introduit la première édition des « Journées économiques : pour une économie au service des besoins » de l'Institut La Boétie le 13 janvier 2024. Il évoque à cet égard l'échec du néolibéralisme, dans une vision du monde basée sur le marché. Ses calculs égoïstes ont conduit l'humanité à une impasse. Il rappelle ainsi les crises passées, y compris celles liées aux zoonoses, et la crise écologique imminente comme des manifestations de l'échec du système néolibéral. Jean-Luc Mélenchon affirme que nous sommes entrés dans l'ère de l'incertitude écologique, géopolitique et sociale. Provoqués par le changement climatique, les phénomènes perturbateurs comme les inondations et les changements dans le cycle de l'eau ont des répercussions radicales sur l'activité économique. L’incertitude écologique perturbe alors les cycles financiers et les assurances. Les moyens mis en place pour contrer le changement climatique, comme les COP, sont insuffisants face à l’urgence. De nouveaux projets de pipelines, de gazoducs et de mines de charbon continuent à se développer malgré les recommandations des agences internationales. Il aborde ensuite l'incertitude géopolitique, soulignant les enjeux liés à la compétition pour l'accès aux matières premières et les risques croissants de guerre généralisée. Il souligne l'impact des incertitudes géopolitiques sur la globalisation, y compris les aspects numériques qui dépendent de câbles sous marins passant par des zones spécifiques, devenant ainsi des enjeux militaires. Par ailleurs de nombreux pays se détournent progressivement du dollar, qui diminue de la part des réserves mondiales depuis l'an 2000. Cela symbolise le déclin de la puissance économique américaine. S’ajoute à cela le renforcement de la coordination politique entre les BRICS, avec l'ajout de six nouveaux États depuis janvier. Le PIB combiné de ces États dépasse désormais celui du G7. Jean-Luc Mélenchon termine en abordant l'incertitude sociale et l'explosion des inégalités dans la répartition de la richesse produite. Il plaide pour une économie mixte tout en précisant qu'il ne s'agit pas de collectiviser tous les moyens de production, mais plutôt de définir les limites de la mixité de manière stable.

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