雷鳴金鼓戰笳聲之送別 龍貫天 南鳳 區文鳳
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香港粵劇推廣中心2012年5月22日高山劇場演出 徐子郎編劇 朱毅剛作曲 區文鳳曲式句格注釋 龍貫天 飾 夏青雲 南鳳 飾 翠碧公主 區按:雷鳴金鼓是唐滌生辭世後, 被認為最有機會接班的粵劇編劇, 可惜他也在唐滌生辭世後六年也辭世了。徐子郎較為人熟悉的是鳳閣恩仇未了情, 一支胡地蠻歌, 當時香港差不多無人不識, 其中更用了幾句李後主浪淘沙的詞, 倍令人覺得文學味濃。但其實徐子郎之後創作的幾個名劇, 如雷鳴金鼓戰笳聲, 無情寶劍有情天, 都有運用前人的詞作, 但其用法頗為生搬硬砌, 基本上和劇情並不相關, 但詞作本來講究文采, 但這種完全沒有准則的運用, 又是否可以歸入有文采之列呢? 中國文人創作, 援引他人或古人詩詞作品, 歷來多有, 但其使用, 多是有機存在, 即是有作為地使用, 或者經過消化化用, 在這種情況之下, 仍可以算是有文采。不過, 又是否能活用古人詩句便算是有文采? 這個問題設問, 就牽涉到唐滌生是否有文采的問題。唐滌生的作品中, 不乏化用古人詩詞作品, 但有很多素材, 卻是來自他改編古典戲曲作品的原文。例如蝶影紅梨記窺醉一場, 謝素秋唱[可憐露濕鞋兒冷, 百拜風神要順情, 盡向儂吹莫向郎, 待玉纖重把羅衣整]這兩句滾花, 除了頭頓和四頓是源於詩酒紅梨花劇本, 二頓和三頓則是唐滌生的創作。從這一個例子, 唐滌生引用前人詩句, 並不同過往詩客詞人引用古人經典的做法, 而是把原文引伸為一種主觀情緒的表達, 從而增加情感的份量; 所以唐滌生所寫的是[情語], 這其實是唐滌生詞曲文字創作的重要特點。當然, 有人認為情語也是一種文采的表現, 但其中實存在灰色地帶, 尤其是唐滌生所撰作的情語, 往往是一種個人或對話表述性質, 在這種情況下, 算是有文采的表現, 似乎仍有一段距離。因此, 當我聽到有人讚賞唐滌生有文采, 我倒覺得這人並不真是瞭解唐滌生文字創作功夫所在, 也歪曲了唐滌生的評價。其實有文采的詩文創作, 文字技巧, 結構等都有多方面的講究, 有時有很好的文采, 可能反而是一種缺點。中國傳統文學, 有詩莊, 詞媚, 曲白, 三種要求, 所謂曲白, 就是要求曲詞說白要坦露, 容易令觀眾明白, 所以有文采反而可能有反差, 反不如唐滌生的[情語]來得優勝。 我是一個很有文采的編劇, 但我也同時面對演員同觀眾對曲詞的不解, 反不如早期的創作, 同樣以[情語]入曲來得容易令人明白。唐滌生後期也開始講求文采, 但他有文采的曲詞唱段不多, 與此同時, 他也邁向大量用典的情況, 如再世紅梅記, 綠章無計訴蒼穹, 很多人就不知綠章怎麼解, 其實是道士寫的黃表祭天, 其中的祭祀文字, 就稱為綠章, 因為這些文字, 本來又叫青詞, 由青詞又引伸為綠章。所以有文采是好還是不好, 那些如徐子郎等套用古典詩詞, 但又不問情由的, 又應如何看待? 這段文字, 希望引起大家對詞曲文采的一些反思。
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